How Sociocultural Context Influences Attitudes toward Therapy

Week 3 Assignment PSYC: 4006 Walden University 11/03/2013 How Sociocultural Context Influences Attitudes toward Therapy Culture has a great effect on attitudes toward therapy. According to the National Institution of Mental Health each individual or groups of people bring a variation of beliefs to the therapeutic setting such as communicating what issues to report, types of coping styles, social support, and cultural stigma towards mental health. More often it is culture that bears on whether or not an individual will seek help. For example there is a widespread tendency to stigmatize mental illness in Asian countries. People with mental illness are considered dangerous and create social distance and†¦show more content†¦Attitudes toward Individual Therapy in Argentina and Japan Attitudes of psychotherapy differ from culture to culture. There are over 60,000 psychologists in Argentina (Stevens, Gielen, 2007). Therapy is widely accepted among the people in Argentina especially in amongst the middle class. Many feel this is due to th e violent past of unrest in the country and search for identity (Tango and Analysis, 2008). On the other hand in Japan the Japanese people in general are not familiar or relate to the concepts of psychotherapy (Nippoda, 2002). The image of counseling in Japan is advice or answers to given to a particular problem and mental illness is treated by more of a medical model (Nippoda, 2002). The attitudes are quite different yet the goals of psychotherapy are similar. In Argentina the goals of psychotherapy seem to be a quest for identity and a sense of self. For the Japanese the result of psychotherapy is the sense of independence, discovering equality in relationships and finding authority within themselves (Nippoda, 2002). A sense of self seems to be the theme for both cultures yet those from Argentina may continue the process longer since finding meaning of life is a part of the culture. Therapist-Client Relationships in Argentina and Japan The relationship between client and therapist emphasizes interpersonal approaches and personal relationships (Stevens, Gielen,Show MoreRelatedIntimate Relationships Between Estrogens And Androgens1676 Words   |  7 PagesWhen looking at intimate relationships from the varying psychological perspectives one must wonder how it is that any one perspective could be more or less important or contributive than another. Each perspective actually seems to come into play and have a role throughout an intimate relationship. 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Deception Point Page 97 Free Essays

Rachel inserted the entire stack into the hydrolab’s fax machine. Knowing only a few fax numbers by heart, she had limited choices, but she had already made up her mind who would be receiving these pages and her note. Holding her breath, she carefully typed in the person’s fax number. We will write a custom essay sample on Deception Point Page 97 or any similar topic only for you Order Now She pressed â€Å"send,† praying she had chosen the recipient wisely. The fax machine beeped. ERROR: NO DIAL TONE Rachel had expected this. The Goya’s communications were still being jammed. She stood waiting and watching the machine, hoping it functioned like hers at home. Come on! After five seconds, the machine beeped again. REDIALING†¦ Yes! Rachel watched the machine lock into an endless loop. ERROR: NO DIAL TONE REDIALING†¦ ERROR: NO DIAL TONE REDIALING†¦ Leaving the fax machine in search of a dial tone, Rachel dashed out of the hydrolab just as helicopter blades thundered overhead. 119 One hundred and sixty miles away from the Goya, Gabrielle Ashe was staring at Senator Sexton’s computer screen in mute astonishment. Her suspicions had been right. But she had never imagined how right. She was looking at digital scans of dozens of bank checks written to Sexton from private space companies and deposited in numbered accounts in the Cayman Islands. The smallest check Gabrielle saw was for fifteen thousand dollars. Several were upward of half a million dollars. Small potatoes, Sexton had told her. All the donations are under the two-thousand-dollar cap. Obviously Sexton had been lying all along. Gabrielle was looking at illegal campaign financing on an enormous scale. The pangs of betrayal and disillusionment settled hard now in her heart. He lied. She felt stupid. She felt dirty. But most of all she felt mad. Gabrielle sat alone in the darkness, realizing she had no idea what to do next. 120 Above the Goya, as the Kiowa banked over the stern deck, Delta-One gazed down, his eyes fixating on an utterly unexpected vision. Michael Tolland was standing on deck beside a small submersible. Dangling in the sub’s robotic arms, as if in the clutches of a giant insect, hung Delta-Two, struggling in vain to free himself from two enormous claws. What in the name of God!? Equally as shocking an image, Rachel Sexton had just arrived on deck, taking up a position over a bound and bleeding man at the foot of the submersible. The man could only be Delta-Three. Rachel held one of the Delta Force’s machine guns on him and stared up at the chopper as if daring them to attack. Delta-One felt momentarily disoriented, unable to fathom how this possibly could have happened. The Delta Force’s errors on the ice shelf earlier had been a rare but explainable occurrence. This, however, was unimaginable. Delta-One’s humiliation would have been excruciating enough under normal circumstances. But tonight his shame was magnified by the presence of another individual riding with him inside the chopper, a person whose presence here was highly unconventional. The controller. Following the Delta’s kill at the FDR Memorial, the controller had ordered Delta-One to fly to a deserted public park not far from the White House. On the controller’s command, Delta-One had set down on a grassy knoll among some trees just as the controller, having parked nearby, strode out of the darkness and boarded the Kiowa. They were all en route again in a matter of seconds. Although a controller’s direct involvement in mission operations was rare, Delta-One could hardly complain. The controller, distressed by the way the Delta Force had handled the kills on the Milne Ice Shelf and fearing increasing suspicions and scrutiny from a number of parties, had informed Delta-One that the final phase of the operation would be overseen in person. Now the controller was riding shotgun, witnessing in person a failure the likes of which Delta-One had never endured. This must end. Now. The controller gazed down from the Kiowa at the deck of the Goya and wondered how this could possibly have happened. Nothing had gone properly-the suspicions about the meteorite, the failed Delta kills on the ice shelf, the necessity of the high-profile kill at the FDR. â€Å"Controller,† Delta-One stammered, his tone one of stunned disgrace as he looked at the situation on the deck of the Goya. â€Å"I cannot imagine†¦ â€Å" Nor can I, the controller thought. Their quarry had obviously been grossly underestimated. The controller looked down at Rachel Sexton, who stared up blankly at the chopper’s reflective windshield and raised a CrypTalk device to her mouth. When her synthesized voice crackled inside the Kiowa, the controller expected her to demand that the chopper back off or extinguish the jamming system so Tolland could call for help. But the words Rachel Sexton spoke were far more chilling. â€Å"You’re too late,† she said. â€Å"We’re not the only ones who know.† The words echoed for a moment inside the chopper. Although the claim seemed far-fetched, the faintest possibility of truth gave the controller pause. The success of the entire project required the elimination of all those who knew the truth, and as bloody as the containment had turned out to be, the controller had to be certain this was the conclusion. Someone else knows†¦ Considering Rachel Sexton’s reputation for following strict protocol of classified data, the controller found it very hard to believe that she would have decided to share this with an outside source. Rachel was on the CrypTalk again. â€Å"Back off and we’ll spare your men. Come any closer and they die. Either way, the truth comes out. Cut your losses. Back off.† â€Å"You’re bluffing,† the controller said, knowing the voice Rachel Sexton was hearing was an androgynous robotic tone. â€Å"You have told no one.† â€Å"Are you ready to take that chance?† Rachel fired back. â€Å"I couldn’t get through to William Pickering earlier, so I got spooked and took out some insurance.† The controller frowned. It was plausible. â€Å"They’re not buying it,† Rachel said, glancing at Tolland. The soldier in the claws gave a pained smirk. â€Å"Your gun is empty, and the chopper’s going to blow you to hell. You’re both going to die. Your only hope is to let us go.† Like hell, Rachel thought, trying to assess their next move. She looked at the bound and gagged man who lay at her feet directly in front of the sub. He looked delirious from loss of blood. She crouched beside him, looking into the man’s hard eyes. â€Å"I’m going to take off your gag and hold the CrypTalk; you’re going to convince the helicopter to back off. Is that clear?† The man nodded earnestly. Rachel pulled out the man’s gag. The soldier spat a wad of bloody saliva up into Rachel’s face. â€Å"Bitch,† he hissed, coughing. â€Å"I’m going to watch you die. They’re going to kill you like a pig, and I’m going to enjoy every minute.† Rachel wiped the hot saliva from her face as she felt Tolland’s hands lifting her away, pulling her back, steadying her as he took her machine gun. She could feel in his trembling touch that something inside him had just snapped. Tolland walked to a control panel a few yards away, put his hand on a lever, and locked eyes with the man lying on the deck. â€Å"Strike two,† Tolland said. â€Å"And on my ship, that’s all you get.† With a resolute rage, Tolland yanked down on the lever. A huge trapdoor in the deck beneath the Triton fell open like the floor of a gallows. The bound soldier gave a short howl of fear and then disappeared, plummeting through the hole. He fell thirty feet to the ocean below. The splash was crimson. The sharks were on him instantly. The controller shook with rage, looking down from the Kiowa at what was left of Delta-Three’s body drifting out from under the boat on the strong current. The illuminated water was pink. Several fish fought over something that looked like an arm. How to cite Deception Point Page 97, Essay examples

Audit Procedure

Question: As a result of work undertaken during the planning stage and audit evidence collected for the tests of controls stages of the audit, Robert Smith has determined that there is a low risk of material misstatement (low inherent and control risk) for the following account balances: Wages and salaries Electricity Repairs and maintenance Due to the expected reliability of these controls, Robert has undertaken extensive testing of the controls regarding these account balances, and has concluded that the controls are reliable. Required: Identify one substantive audit procedure for each of the account balances above that will provide sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the accuracy of that account balance. Answer: Audit procedure generally means the procedure used by auditors for evaluating financial information by exploring the relationship between financial and non-financial data (www.cpaaustralia.com.au 2016). In the given case scenario, audit evidence has been collected and it has been concluded by the auditor that there is a low risk of misstatement with respect to three elements Wages and Salaries Electricity, and Repairs and Maintenance We will be describing a suitable audit procedure for all the above-mentioned elements. Wages and Salaries Identifying the assertion is the most important part while conducting an audit. Payroll audit procedures need to be accurate so that employees are paid what they are entitled to. It also helps in drawing up an accurate net profit figure without inflating expenses. The most appropriate audit procedure for wages and salaries will be Inspection of Records and Assets. Payment of wages involves some of the most important tasks of verifying active employees, verifying their pay rate, review the payments paid and gathering of information from payroll reports and general ledger (www.accaglobal.com 2016). All these factors determine the nature and type of the internal control system prevailing within the organisation and its strength to counter various risks arising out of the business activities of the concern (Auditnet.org 2016). A critical evaluation of the past and the present records is required to be done in order to ensure that misstatements are avoided at all costs. Therefore, a subst antive audit procedure is suitable for salaries and wages. Electricity In the present environmental conditions, energy audit has become very important to ascertain the amount of energy used by an organisation and the mode for which it has been utilised. The primary objective of energy audit is to save energy and regulate its consumption. It is important to evaluate organisational demand for energy and consumption of the organisation. It also involves evaluating the appliances that are being utilised by the organisation (Www4.semo.edu 2016). The next step involves calculating the amount of electricity consumed and finding out ways to optimise the usage after closely evaluating the results obtained from calculation. Therefore, auditing energy consumption will involve two important aspects as follows: Observing the energy consumption, and Evaluating the demand and supply to find out consumption In essence, it can be said that two types of audit procedures can be used for electricity Observation and Analytical Procedures. The most suitable assertion for energy audit will be Accuracy and valuation. Therefore, it can be seen that energy audit holds importance not only from financial viewpoint but also from social stand of the organisation. Repairs and Maintenance Repairs and maintenance with respect to fixed assets may be planned or unplanned. Planned repairs involve fixing a definite budged for such purpose. However, unplanned repairs and maintenance work of the fixed assets gives rise to unplanned expenditures. This in turn affects asset valuation as on the date of the audit. Auditing for repairs and maintenance includes verifying the existence of the assets concerned. A proper analysis is required to be done and it should be complete from all respects. This includes the nature and source of the assets and evaluation of various lease financed assets (www.accaglobal.com 2016). The expenses incurred are required to be evaluated and recalculated in order to verify their accuracy. On the other hand, if expenses are inflated, it will tend to reduce the profit of the organisation. This in turn, will tend to attract less tax liability. Therefore, it is very much important to critically analyse and evaluate the expenses incurred on repairs and main tenance. Thus, it can be said that the most appropriate audit procedures for the same are as follows: Inspection of records and assets, and Enquiry from third parties Thus, it can be concluded from the above discussion that care should be taken while selecting the audit procedures for different transaction. References Auasb.gov.au. (2016).Australian Auditing Standards. Audit, A.I. and Australia, I., 2015. SUBMISSION: AUSTRALIAN INFRASTRUCTURE AUDIT. Auditnet.org. (2016).Accounts Payable Fraud 10 Ways to Identify It - AuditNet.